Online piracy has been a longstanding concern for the film industry, with the proliferation of file-sharing websites and peer-to-peer networks making it easier for people to download copyrighted content. Research has shown that online piracy can have significant economic impacts on the film industry, including lost revenue and decreased profits (Levin, 2013). However, some studies have also suggested that online piracy can have a positive effect on the visibility and popularity of films, particularly in regions where access to legitimate distribution channels is limited (Chakravarty et al., 2015).